• Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS) 
  • Single Molecule Studies 
  • Biosensors, Microfluidics and Chemical Analysis
  • Surface Patterning for Biological and Other Applications
  • Nanofabrication, Nanomaterials, Nano Optics and Electron Transport

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    Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS)  

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    “Selective Vibrational Detachment of Microspheres Using Optically Excited In-plane Motion of Nanomechanical Beams”, Bojan Ilic, Slava Krylov, Marianna Kondratovich, and H.G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 7, 2171-2177 (2007)

    “Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Optical Excitation of Nano Oscillators”, Slava Krylov, Bojan Ilic, Marianna Kondratovich, and H.G. Craighead, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, DETC2007-35069 (2007)

    “Macroscopic Tuning of Nanomechanics:  Substrate Bending for Reversible Control of Frequency and Quality Factor of Nanostring Resonators”, Scott Verbridge, Daniel Shapiro, Jeevak Parpia, and H.G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 7, 1728-1735 (2007)

    “Optically Actuated Nanoelectromechanical Oscillators”, Bojan Ilic, Slava Krylov, Marianna Kondravoch, and H.G. Craighead, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 13, 392-399, (2007)

    "Electromechanical Resonators from Graphene Sheets", J. Scott Bunch, Arend M. van der Zande, Scott S. Verbridge, Ian W. Frank, David M. Tanenbaum, Jeevak M. Parpia, Harold G. Craighead, and Paul L. McEuen, Science, 315, 490-493, (2007).

    "Dynamic Characterization of Nanoelectromechanical Oscillators by Atomic Force Microscopy", B. Ilic, S. Krylov, L. Bellan, and H.G. Criaghead, Journal of Applied Physics, 101, 458-463 (2007)

    "High Quality Factor Resonance at Room Temperature with Nanostrings Under High Tensile Stress", Scott S. Verbridge, Jeevak M. Parpia, Robert B. Reichenbach, Leon M. Bellan, H. G. Craighead, Journal of Applied Physics, 99, 124304-124304-8 (2006).

    "Third-Order Intermodulation in a Micromechanical Thermal Mixer", Robert B. Reichenbach, Maxim Zalalutdinov, Keith L. Aubin, Richard Rand, Brian H. Houston, Jeevak M. Parpia, and Harold G. Craighead, JMEMS, 14, 1244-1252 (2005).

    "Suspended Glass Nanochannels Coupled with Microstructures for Single Molecule Detection", Scott S. Verbridge, Joshua B. Edel, Samuel M. Stavis, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Scott D. Allen, Geoffrey Coates, and H. G. Craighead, Journal of Applied Physics, 97, 124317-1:12437-4 (2005).

    "Optical Excitation of Nanoelectromechanical Oscillators", B. Ilic, S. Krylov, K. Aubin, R. Reichenbach, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 86, 193114-1:193114-3 (2005).

    "Enumeration of DNA Molecules Bound to a Nanomechanical Oscillator", B. Ilic, Y. Yang, K. Aubin, R. Reichenbach, S. Krylov, and H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 5, 925-929 (2005).

    "Limit Cycle Oscillations in CW Laser-Driven NEMS", Keith Aubin, Maxim Zalalutdinov, Tuncay Alan, Robert B. Reichenbach, Richard Rand, Alan Zehnder, Jeevak Parpia, and Harold Craighead, IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 13, 1018-1026 (2004).

    "Resistively Actuated Micromechanical Dome Resonators", Robert B. Reichenbach, Maxim K. Zalaudinov, Keith L. Aubin, David A. Czaplewski, Bojan Ilic, Brian H. Houston, Harold G. Craighead, Jeevak M. Parpia, Proceedings of SPIE, 5344, 51-58 (2004).

    "Virus Detection Using Nanoelectromechanical Devices", B. Ilic, Y. Yang, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 85, 2604-2606 (2004).

    "Optical Manipulation of Intrinsic Localized Vibrational Energy in Cantilever Arrays", M. Sato, B. E. Hubbard, A. J. Sievers, B. Ilic, and H. G. Craighead, Europhysics Letters, 66, 318-323 (2004).

    "Attogram Detection Using Nanoelectromechanical Oscillators", B. Ilic, H. G. Craighead, S. Krylov, W. Senaratne, C. Ober, P. Neuzil, Journal of Applied Physics, 95, 3694-3703 (2004).

    "Dissipation in Nanocrystalline-Diamond Nanomechanical Resonators", A. B. Hutchinson, P. A Truitt, K. C. Schwab, L. Sekaric, J. M. Parpia, H. G. Craighead, J. E. Butler, Applied Physics Letters, 84, 972-974 (2004).

    "Laser Annealing for High-Q Mems Resonators", Keith L. Aubin, Maxim Zalautdinov, Robert B. Reichenbach, Brian Houston, Alan T. Zehnder, Jeevak M. Parpia, Harold G. Craighead, Proceedings of SPIE, 5116, 531-535 (2003).

    "Shell-Type Micromechanical Actuator and Resonator", Maxim Zalalutdinov, Keith L. Aubin, Robert B. Reichenbach, Alan T. Zehnder, Brian Houston, Jeevak M. Parpia, and Harold G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 83, 3815-3817 (2003).

    "Frequency Entrainment for Micromechanical Oscillator", M. Zalautdinov, K. L. Aubin, M. Pandey, A. T. Zehnder, R. H. Rand, H. G. Craighead, and J. M. Parpia, Applied Physics Letters, 83, 3281-3283 (2003).

    "Study of Intrinsic Localized Vibrational Modes in Micromechanical Oscillator Arrays", M. Sato, B. E. Hubbard, L. Q. English, A. J. Sievers, B. Ilic, D. A. Czaplewski and H. G. Craighead, CHAOS, 13, 702-715 (2003).

    "Shell-Type Micromechanical Oscillator", M. Zalalutdinov, K. L. Aubin, C. Michael, R. B. Reichenbach, T. Alan, A. T. Zehnder, B. H. Houston, J. M. Parpia and H. G. Craighead, Proceedings of SPIE, 5116, 229-236 (2003).

    "Observation of Locked Intrinsic Localized Vibrational Modes in a Micromechanical Oscillator Array", M. Sato, B. E. Hubbard, A. J. Sievers, B. Ilic, D. A. Czaplewski and H. G. Craighead, Physical Review Letters, 90, 044102-1-044102-4 (2003).

    "Nanomechanical Resonant Structures in Nanocrystalline Diamond", L. Sekaric, J. M. Parpia, H. G. Craighead, T. Feygelson, B. H. Houston, and J. E. Butler, Applied Physics Letters, 81, 4455-4457 (2002).

    "Nanomechanical resonant structures as tunable passive modulators of light", L. Sekaric, M. Zalalutdinov, S. W. Turner, A. T. Zehnder, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 80, 3617 (2002).

    "Operation of Nanomechanical Resonant Structures in Air, "L. Sekaric, M. Zalalutdinov, R. B. Bhiladvala, A. Zehnder, J. Parpia and Harold Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 81, 2641-2643 (2002).

    "Nanomechanical Resonant Structures in Silicon Nitride: Fabrication, Operation and Dissipation Issues", L. Sekaric, D. W. Carr, S. Evoy, J. Paria and H. G. Craighead, Sensors and Actuators A, 101, 215-219 (2002).

    "Autoparametric optical drive for micromechanical oscillators", M. Zalalutdinov, A. Zehnder, A. Olkhovets, S. Turner, L. Sekaric, B. Ilic, D. Czaplewski, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, 695 (2001)

    "Optically pumped parametric amplification for micromechanical oscillators", M. Zalalutdinov, A. Olkhovets, A. Zehnder, B. Ilic, D. Czaplewski, H. G. Craighead, and J. M. Parpia, Appl. Phys. Lett., 78, 3142 (2001)

    "Light-Activated Self-Generation and Parametric Amplification for MEMS Oscillators", M. Zalautdinov, A. Olkhovets, A. T. Zehnder, B. Ilic, D. Czaplewcki, J. M. Parpia, H. G. Craighead, S. Turner and L. Sekaric, MOEMS and Miniaturized Systems II, San Fransisco, CA, Proceedings of SPIE, 4561, 189-200 (2001).

    "A new strategy for sequencing individual molecules of DNA", J. Korlach. M. Levene, S. W. Turner, D. R. Larson. M. Foquet, H. G. Craighead, and W. W. Webb, Biophys. J. 80 Part 2, 65501 (2001). 

    "Nanoelectromechanical systems", H. G. Craighead, Science 290, 1532 (2000).

    "Frequency-tunable micromechanical oscillator", M. Zalalutdinov, B. Ilic, D. Czaplewski, A. Zehnder, H. G. Craighead, and J. M. Parpia, Applied Physics Letters, 77, 3287 (2000)

    "Temperature dependent internal friction in silicon nanoelectromechanical systems", S. Evoy, A. Olkhovets, D.W. Carr, L. Sekaric, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 77, 2397 (2000).

    "Actuation and internal friction of torsional nanomechanical silicon resonators", A. Olkhovets, S. Evoy, D. W. Carr, J. M. Parpia, H.G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol B, 18, 3549 (2000).

    "Parametric amplification in a torsional microresonator", D. W. Carr, S. Evoy, L. Sekaric, A. Olkhovets, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 77, 1545 (2000)

    "Nanofabrication and electrostatic operation of single crystal silicon paddle oscillators", S. Evoy, D. W. Carr, L. Sekaric, A. Olkhovets, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, J. Appl. Phys. 86, 6072 (1999).

    "Measurement of mechanical resonances and losses in nanometer scale silicon wires", D. W. Carr, S. Evoy, L. Sekaric, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 75, 920 (1999. 

    "Measurement of nanomechanical resonant structures in single-crystal silicon", D. W. Carr, L. Sekaric, and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 16, 3821 (1998). 

    "Fabrication of nanoelectromechanical systems in single crystal silicon using SOI substrates and electron beam lithography", D. W. Carr and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 15, 2760 (1997). 

     

    Single Molecule Studies

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    “Nanodevices for Single Molecule Studies”, H.G. Craighead, S.M. Stavis, and K.T. Samiee, Controlled Nanoscale Motion, 711/2007, 271-301 (2007

    “Size-dependent DNA Mobility in Nanochannels”, Joshua D. Cross, Elizabeth A. Strychalski, and H.G. Craighead, Journal of Applied Physics, 102, Article No. 024514 (2007)

    “Cell Investigation of Nanostructures:  Zero-mode Waveguides for Plasma Membrane Studies with Single Molecule Resolution”, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Alexis J. Torres, Kevan T. Samiee, Barbara A. Baird, and H.G. Craighead, Nanotechnology, 18, 195101 (2007)

    "Nanofluidic Structures for Single Biomolecule Fluorescent Detection", J. T. Mannion and H. G. Craighead, Biopolymers, 85, 131-143 (2007).

    "Individually Resolved DNA Molecules Stretched and embedded in Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers", L. M. Bellan, J. D. Cross, E. A. Strychalski, J. Moran-Mirabal, H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 11, 2526-2530, (2006).

    "Conformational Analysis of Single DNA Molecules Undergoing Entropically Induced Motion in Nanochannels", J. T. Mannion, C. H. Reccius, J. D. Cross, and H. G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 90, 4538-4545 (2006).

    "Nanostructures for Molecular Analysis", Samuel M. Stavis and Harold G. Craighead, BIOforum Europe, 5/2006, 50-51 (2006).

    "Zero Mode Waveguides for Single-Molecule Spectroscopy on Lipid Membranes", K. T. Samiee, J. M. Moran-Mirabal, Y. K. Cheung, and H. G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 90, 3288-2399 (2006).

    "Compression and Free Expansion of Single DNA Molecules in Nanochannels", Christian Hermann Reccius, John Thomas Mannion, Joshua David Cross, and H. G. Craighead, Physical Review Letters, 95, 268101-1:268101-4 (2005).

    "Single-Molecule Mobility and Spectral Measurements in Submicrometer Fluidic Channels", Samual M. Stavis, Joshua B. Edel, Yougen Li, Kevan T. Samiee, Dan Luo, Harold G. Craighead, Journal of Applied Physics, 98, 044903-1:044903-5 (2005).

    "High Spatial Resolution Observation of Single Molecule Dynamics in Living Cell Membranes", Joshua B. Edel, Min Wu, Barbara Baird, and Harold Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 88, L43-L45, (2005).

    "Detection and Identification of Nucleic Acid Engineered Fluorescent Labels in Submicrometre Fluidic Channels", Samuel M. Stavis, Joshua B. Edel, Yougen Li, Kevan T. Samiee, Dan Luo and Harold G. Craighead, Nanotechnology, 16, S314-S323 (2005).

    "l-Repressor Oligomerization Kinetics at High Concentrations Using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy in Zero-Mode Waveguides", K. T. Samiee, M. Foquet, L. Guo, E. C. Cox, and H. G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 88, 2145-2153 (2005).

    "Single Molecule Studies of Quantum Dot Conjugates in a Submicrometer Fluidic Channel", Samuel M. Stavis, Joshua B. Edel, Kevan T. Samiee and Harold G. Craighead, Lab on a Chip, 5, 337-343 (2005).

    "Focal Volume Confinement by Submicrometer-Sized Fluidic Channels", Mathieu Foquet, Jonas Korlach, Warren R. Zipfel, Watt W. Webb, and Harold G. Craighead, Analytical Chemistry, 76, 1618-1626 (2004).

    "Zero-Mode Waveguides for Single-Molecule Analysis at High Concentrations", M. J. Levine, J. Korlach, S. W. Turner, M. Foquet, H. G. Craighead, W. W. Webb, Science, 299, 682-686 (2003).

    "Entropic Recoil Separation of Long DNA Molecules", Mario Cabodi, Stephen W. P. Turner, and Harold G. Craighead, Analytical Chemistry, 74, 5169-5174 (2002).

    "Confinement-induced entropic recoil of single DNA molecules in a nanofluidic structure", Turner SWP, Cabodi M, Craighead HG, Physical Review Letters, 88, (12), 128103 (2002).

    "DNA fragment sizing by single molecule detection in submicrometer-sized closed fluidic channels", Foquet M, Korlach J, Zipfel W, Webb WW, Craighead HG, Anal. Chem., 74, (6): 1415-1422 (2002).

    "Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in zeptoliter volumes", D. R. Larson, M. Levene, S. W. Turner, H. G. Craighead, and W. W. Webb, Biophys. J., 80, Part 2, 655.09 (2001). 

    "Separation of Long DNA Molecules in a Microfabricated Entropic Trap Array", J. Han and H. G. Craighead, Science, 288, 1026 (2000).

    "Nanometer constrained observation volumes for high concentration fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and single molecule dynamics", M. Levene, D. Larson, J. Korlach, M. Foquet, S. W. Turner, H.G. Craighead, and W. W. Webb, Biophys. J., 78, 402A, Part 2 (2000). 

    "Powering an inorganic nanodevice with a biomolecular motor", R. K. Soong, G. D. Bachand, H. P. Neves, A. G. Olkhovets, H. G. Craighead, and C. D. Montemagno, Science, 290, 1555 (2000). 

    "Entropic trapping and escape of long DNA molecules at submicron size constriction", J. Han, S. W. Turner, and H. G. Craighead, Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 1688-91 (1999).

    "Entropic trapping and sieving of long DNA molecules in a nanofluidic channel", J. Han and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 17, 2142-47 (1999).

    "Fabrication of Microcapillaries and Waveguides for Single Molecule Detection", M. E. Foquet, J. Han, A. Lopez, W. Wright,and H. G. Craighead, Proc. SPIE 3258, 141 (1998).

    "Precision Attachment of Individual F1-ATPase Biomelecular Motors on Nanofabricated Substrates", G. D. Bachand, R. K. Soong, H. P. Neves, A. Olkhovets, H. G. Craighead and C. D. Montemagno, Nano Letters, 1, 42-44 (2001).

     

    Biosensors, Microfluidics and Chemical Analysis

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    “Microfluidic Encapsulated Nanoelectromechanical Resonators”, Keith Aubin, Jingqing Huang, Seung-Min Park, Yanou Yang, Marianna Kondratovich, Bojan Ilic, and H.G. Craighead, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology, B 25, 1171-1174 (2007)

    “Micro- and Nanomechanical Sensors for Environmental, Chemical, and Biological Detection”, Philip S. Waggoner and H.G. Craighead, The Royal Society of Chemistry/Lab on a Chip, 7, 1238-1255 (2007)

    “Micro- and Nanofluidics for Biological Separations”, Joshua D. Cross and H.G. Craighead, CMOS Technology, 31-75 (2007)

    "Nonspecific Binding Removal From Protein Microarrays Using Thickness Shear Mode Resonators", Grant D. Meyer, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Darren W. Branch and Harold G. Craighead, IEEE Sensors Journal, 6, 254-261 (2006).

    "Electrochemical Imaging of Fusion Pore Openings by Electrochemical Detector Arrays", Ismail Hafez, Kassandra Kisler, Khajak Berberian, Gregor Dernick, Vicente Valero, Ming G. Yong, Harold G. Craighead, and Manfred Lindau, PNAS, 102, 13879-13884 (2005).

    "Micrometer-Sized Supported Lipid Bilayer Arrays for Bacterial Toxin Binding Studies through Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy", Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Joshua B. Edel, Grant D. Meyer, Dan Throckmorton, Anup K. Singh, and Harold G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 89, 296-305 (2005).

    "Isoelectric Focusing in Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Microfluidic Channels Coated by Polyacrylamide Using a UV Photografting Method", Chen Li, Yanou Yang, Harold G. Craighead, Kelvin H. Lee, Electrophoresis, 26, 1800-1806 (2005).

    "Separation of Denatured Proteins in Free Solution on a Microchip Based on Differential Binding of Alkyl Sulfates with Different Carbon Chain Lengths", Chang Lu, Aaron E. Smith and Harold G. Craighead, Chem. Commun., 2, 183-185 (2005).

    "A Micromechanical Flow Sensor for Microfluidic Applications", David A. Czaplewski, Bojan Rob Ilic, Maxim Zalalutdinov, William L. Olbricht, Alan T. Zehnder, Harold G. Craighead, and Terry A. Michalske, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 13, 576-585 (2004).

    "Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Determination of Methylphenidate Concentration in Urine Using an Electrospray Ionization Source Integrated with a Polymer Microchip", Yanou Yang, Jun Kameoka, Timothy Wachs, Jack D. Henion, and H. G. Craighead, Analytical Chemistry, 76, 2568-2574 (2004).

    "Polymeric Nanowire Chemical Sensor", Haiqing Liu, Jun Kameoka, David A. Czaplewski, and H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 4, 671-675 (2004).

    "Chip-Based P450 Drug Metabolism Coupled to Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Detection", Salete Benetton, Jun Kameoka, Aimin Tan, Timothy Wachs, Harold Craighead, and Jack D. Henion, Analytical Chemistry, 75, 6430-6436 (2003).

    "Nanostructure Science and Technology: Impact and Prospects for Biology", H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 21, S216-S221 (2003).

    "Microfabricated Plastic Devices from Silicon Using Soft Intermediates", A. Peter Russo, Dace Apoga, Natalie Dowell, William Shain, Andrea M. P. Turner, Harold G. Craighead, A. J. Spence, S. T. Retterer, M. Isaacson, Harvey C. Hoch, James N. Turner, Biomedical Microdevices, 4:4, 227-283 (2002).

    "Continuous Separation of Biomolecules by the Laterally Asymmetric Diffusion Array With Out-of-Plane Sample Injection", Mario Cabodi, Yi-Fan Chen, Stephen W. P. Turner, Harold G. Craighead, and Robert H. Austin, Electrophoresis, 23, 3496-3503 (2002).

    "An Electrospray Ionization Source for Integration with Microfluidics", Jun Kameoka, Reid Orth, Bojan Ilic, David Czaplewski, Tim Wachs, and H. G. Craighead, Analytical Chemistry, 74, 5897-5901 (2002).

    "Role of Molecular Size in Ratchet Fractionation", Lotien Richard Huang, Pascal Silberzan, Jonas O. Tegenfeldt, Edward C. Cox, James C. Sturm, Robert H. Austin, and Harold Craighead, Physical Review Letters, 89, 178301-1 - 178301-4 (2002).

    "Characterizing Electroosmotic Flow in Microfluidic Devices", J. Gaudioso and H. G. Craighead, Journal of Chromatography A, 971, 249-253 (2002).

    "An Electrochemical Detector Array to Study Cell Biology on the Nanoscale", A. Dias, G. Dernick, V. Valero, M. G. Yong, C. James, H. Craighead and M. Lindau, Nanotechnology, 13, 285-289 (2002).

    "Fabrication of Flexible Polymer Tubes for Micro and Nanofluidic Applications", B. Ilic, D. Czaplewski, M. Zalalutdinov, B. Schmidt and Harold Craighead, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, 20, 2459-2465 (2002).

    "Characterization and optimization of an entropic trap for DNA separation", Han JY, Craighead HG, Anal. Chem., 74, (2), 394-401 (2002).

    "A Polymeric Microfluidic Device for Separation of Small Molecule", J. Kameoka, H. Zhong, J. Henion and H. Craighead, Microfluidics and BioMEMS, Proceedings of SPIE, 4560, (2001).

    "Single Cell Detection With Micromechanical Oscillators", B. Ilic, D. Czaplewcki, M. Zalalutdinov, H. G. Craighead, C. Campagnolo and C. Batt, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 19, 2825-2828 (2001).

    "Heat-depolymerizable polycarbonates as electron beam patternable sacrificial layers for nanofluidics", Harnett CK, Coates GW, Craighead HG, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 19(6), 2842 (2001).

    "Surface plasmon resonance sensors utilizing microfabricated channels", Furuki M, Kameoka, J, Craighead, HG, Isaacson, MS, Sens. Act. B Chem., 79 (1), 63 (2001).

    "A polymeric microfluidic chip for CE/MS determination of small molecules", J. Kameoka, H. G. Craighead, H. W. Zhang, and J. Henion, Anal. Chem., 73, 1935 (2001). 

    "Nanofabricated refractive index sensor based on photon tunneling in nanofluidic channel", J. Kameoka and H. G. Craighead, Sens. Act. B Chem., 77, 632 (2001)

    "Spatio-temporal resolution of single exocytotic events using electrochemical detector arrays", G. Dernick, V. Valero, A. F. Dias, C. D. James, H. G. Craighead, and M. Lindau, Biophys. J. 80 Part 2, 1456 (2001). 

    "Sorting biomolecules with microdevices", C. F. Chou, R. H. Austin, O. Bakajin, J. O. Tegenfeldt, J. A. Castelino, S. S. Chan, E. C. Cox, H. G. Craighead, N. Darnton, T. A. J. Duke, J. Han, S. W. Turner, Electrophoresis, 21, 81 (2000).

    "Mechanical resonant immunospecific biological detector", B. Ilic, D. Czaplewski, H. G. Craighead, P. Neuzil, C. Campagnolo, and C. Batt, Appl. Phys. Lett., 77, 450 (2000). 

    "Sorting by diffusion: An asymmetric obstacle course for continuous molecular separation", C. F. Chou, O. Bakajin, S. W. Turner, T. A. J. Duke, S. S. Chan, E. C. Cox, H. G. Craighead, and R. H. Austin, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96,13762 (1999).

    "Rectified Brownian motion: Continuous sorting of macromolecules in a microfabricated array", C. F. Chou, O. B. Bakajin, S. W. Turner, T. A. J. Duke, S. S. Chan, R. H. Austin, E. C. Cox, and H. G. Craighead, Biophys. J., 76, A399, Part 2 (1999). 

    "An Lrp-type transcriptional regulator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens condenses more than 100 nucleotides of DNA into globular nucleoprotein complexes", S. Jafri, S. Evoy, K. Cho, H. G. Craighead, and S. C. Winans, J. Mol. Bio., 288 , p. 811-824 (1999).

    "Monolithic nanofluid sieving structures for DNA manipulation", S.W. Turner, A. M. Perez, A. Lopez, and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B., 6, 3835 (1998).

    "Monolithic fabrication of nanofluidic artificial gel media for DNA electrophoresis", S. W. Turner and H. G. Craighead, Proc. SPIE 3258, 41 (1998).

    "Diffraction-based cell detection using a microcontact printed antibody grating", P. M. St. John, R. C. Davis, N. Cady, J. Czajka, C.A. Batt and H. G. Craighead, Anal. Chem., 70, 1108 (1998). 

     

    Surface Patterning for Biological and Other Applications

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    “Phase Separation and Fractal Domain Formation in Phospholipi/Diacetylene-Supported Lipid Bilayers”, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Donald M. Aubrecht, and H.G. Craighead, Langmuir, 23, 10661-10671 (2007)

    “Supported Lipid Bilayer/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids”, Xinjian Zhou, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Paul McEuen, and H.G. Craighead, Nature Nanotechnology, 2, 185-190 (2007)

    “Cell Investigation of Sub-wavelength Optical Nanostructures:  Plasma Membrane Studies with Single Molecule Resolution” Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Alexis Torres, Kevan Samiee, Barbara Baird and H.G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 655A-655A (2007)

    "Effects of Substrate Geometry on Growth Cone Behavior and Axon Branching", G. Withers, C. James, C. Kingman, H. G. Craighead, G. Banker, Journal of Neurobiology, 66, 1183-1194, (2006).

    "Controlling Microarray Spot Morphology with Polymer Liftoff Arrays", Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Christine P. Tan, Reid N. Orth, Eric O. Williams, Harold G. Craighead, and David M. Lin, Analytical Chemistry, 79, 1109-1114 (2006).

    "Supported Lipid Bilayer/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids", Xinjian Zhou, Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Paul McEuen, and Harold G. Craighead, Nature Nanotechnology, 2, 185-190 (2006)

    "Molecular Templates for Bio-Specific Recognition by Low-Energy Electron Beam Lithography", Wageesha Senaratne, Prabuddha Sengupta, Cindy Harnett, Harold Craighead, Barbara Baird, Christopher Ober, NanoBiotechnology, 1, 023-034 (2005).

    "Visualization of Plasma Membrane Compartmentalization with Patterned Lipid Bilayers", Min Wu, David Holowka, Harold G. Craighead and Barbara Baird, PNAS, 101, 13798-13803 (2004).

    "Extracellular Recordings From Patterned Neuronal Networks Using Planar Microelectrode Arrays", Conrad D. James, Andrew J. H. Spence, Natalie M. Dowell-Mesfin, Rifat J. Hussain, Karen L. Smith, Harold G. Craighead, Michael S. Isaacson, William Shain and James N. Turner, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 51, 1640-1648 (2004).

    "Topographically Modified Surfaces Affect Orientation and Growth of Hippocampal Neurons", N. M. Dowell-Mesfin, M-A Abdul-Karim, A. M. P. Turner, S. Schanz, H. G. Craighead, B. Roysam, J. N. Turner and W. Shain, Journal of Neural Engineering, 1, 78-90 (2004).

    "Quantification of Substratum Contact Required for Initiation of Collectotrichum Graminicola Appressoria", Dace Apoga, John Barnard, Harold G. Craighead, and Harvey Hoch, Fungal Genetics and Biology, 41, 1-12 (2004).

    "Creating Biological Membranes on the Micron Scale: Forming Patterned Lipid Bilayers Using a Polymer Lift-Off Technique", R. N. Orth, J. Kameoka, W. R. Zipfel, B. Ilic, W. W. Webb, T. G. Clark and H. G. Craighead, Biophysical Journal, 85, 2066-3073 (2003).

    "Patterning Axonal Guidance Molecules Using a Novel Strategy for Microcontact Printing", Anthony A. Oliva, Jr., Conrad D. James, Caroline E. Kingman, Harold G. Craighead, and Gary A. Banker, Neurochemical Research, 28, 1639-1648 (2003).

    "Brain Responses to Micro-Machined Silicon Devices", D. H. Szarowski, M. D. Andersen, S. Retterer, A. J. Spence, M. Isaacson, H. G. Craighead, J. N. Turner, W. Shain, Brain Research, 983, 23-35 (2003).

    "Avidin-Biotin Micropatterning Methods for Biosensor Applications", Reid N. Orth, T. G. Clark, and H. G. Craighead, Biomedical Microdevices, 5:1, 29-34 (2003).

    "Current Issues and Advances in Dissociated Cell Culturing on Nano- and Microfabricated Substrates", H. G. Craighead, C. D. James, and A. M. P. Turner, Advanced Semiconductor and Organic Nano-Techniques (Part III), Chapter 5, 251-318, (2003).

    "Mast Cell Activation on Patterned Lipid Bilayers of Subcellular Dimensions", Reid N. Orth, Min Wu, David A. Holowka, Harold G. Craighead, and Barbara A. Baird, Langmuir, 19, 1599-1605 (2003).

    "Bioactive templates fabricated by low-energy electron beam lithography of self-assembled monolayers", C. K. Harnett, K. M. Satyalakshmi, and H. G. Craighead, Langmuir,17, 178-182 (2001). 

    "Chemical and topographical patterning for directed cell attachment", H. G. Craighead, C. D. James, and A. M. P. Turner, Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. 5, 177 (2001)

    "Topographical and physicochemical modification of material surface to enable patterning of living cells", D. R. Jung, R. Kapur, T. Adams, K. A. Giuliano, M. Mrksich, H. G. Craighead, and D. L. Taylor, Crit. Rev. Biotech 21, 111 (2001). 

    "Self-Assembled Monolayers as High Resolution Etch Masks and Templates for Organic Molecular Assembly", C. K. Harnett, A. Lopez, K. M. Satyalakshmi, Y. F. Chen and H. G. Craighead, Proceedings of Materials Research Society, 638, F10.1.1 - F10.1.6 (2001).

    "Role of microfabricated structures on attachment and growth of neurons and astrocytes", N. Dowell, A. M. P. Turner, H. Hong, S. Rajan, H. G. Craighead, J. N. Turner, and W. Shain, Mol. Biol. Cell, 11 Suppl. S, 2831 (2000). 

    "Topographical patterning of chemically sensitive biological materials using a polymer-based dry lift off", B. Ilic and H. G. Craighead, Biomed. Microdev. 2, 317 (2000).   

    "Attachment of astroglial cells to microfabricated pillar arrays of different geometries", A. M. P. Turner, N. Dowell, S. W. P. Turner, L. Kam, M. Isaacson, J. N. Turner, H. G. Craighead, W. Shain, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 51, 430 (2000)

    "Aligned Microcontact Printing of Micrometer Scale Polylysine Structures for Controlled Growth of Cultured Neurons on Planar Microelectrode Arrays", C. D. James, R. C. Davis, M. Meyer, A. Perez, S. Turner, L. Withers, L. Kam, L., G. L. Banker, H. G. Craighead, M. Isaacson, J. N.Turner, W. Shain, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 47, 17 (2000). 

    "Low-energy electron-beam patterning of amine-functionalized self-assembled monolayers", C. K. Harnett, K. M. Satyalakshmi, and H. G. Craighead, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2466 (2000)

    "Patterning of self-assembled monolayers and biomaterials on solid surfaces", H. G. Craighead, Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. S., 217, U660, Part 2 (1999). 

    "Cerebral Astrocyte Response to Micro-Machined Silicon Implants", J. N. Turner, W. G. Shain, D. H. Szarowski, M. Andersen, S. Martins, M. Isaacson, and H. G. Craighead, Exptl. Neurology  156 , p. 33 (1999). 

    "Patterned Protein Layers on Solid Substrates by Thin Stamp Microcontact Printing", C. D. James, R. C. Davis, L. Kam, H. G. Craighead, M. Isaacson, J. N. Turner, W. Shain, Langmuir, 14 no. 4, 741-1 (1998). 

    "Cell attachment on silicon nanostructures", S. Turner, L. Kam, M. Isaacson, H. G. Craighead, W. Shain, J. Turner, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 15, 2848 (1997). 

    "Preferential Glial Cell Attachment to Microcontact Printed Surfaces", P. M. St. John, L. Kam, S. W. Turner, H. G. Craighead, M. S. Isaacson, J. N. Turner, and W. Shain, J. Neuroscience Methods, 75, 171-177 (1997). 

    "Cell attachment on micropatterned textured silicon surfaces". S. Turner, L. Kam, M. Isaacson, H. G. Craighead, D. Szarowski, J. N. Turner and W. Shain, Proc. SPIE 2978, 41-48 (1997).

    "Chemical and topographical surface modification for control of central nervous system cell adhesion", H. G. Craighead, S. W. Turner, R. C. Davis, C. James, A. M. Perez, L. Kam, W. Shain, J. N. Turner, and G. Banker, J. Biomed. Microdevices, 1(1), 49-64 (1998). 

    Nanofabrication and Biosystems, H. C. Hoch, L. W. Jelinski and H. G. Craighead, Editors, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 

     

    Nanofabrication, Nanomaterials, Nano Optics and Electron Transport

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    “Direct Measurement of Fluid Velocity in an Electrospinning Jet Using Particle Image Velocimetry”, Leon Bellan, Juan Hinestroza, and H.G. Craighead, Journal of Applied Physics, 102, 094308, (2007)

    "Electrospun Light-Emitting Nanofibers", Jose M. Moran-Mirabal, Jason D. Slinker, John A. DeFranco, Scott S. Verbridge, Rob Ilic, Samuel Flores-Torres, Hector Abuna, George G. Malliaras, and H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 7, 458-463 (2007).

    "Control of Electrospinning Jet Using electric focusing and Jet-Steering Fields", L. Bellan, H. G. Craighead, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 24, 3179-3183 (2006).

    "Formation and Properties of Nylon-6 and Nylong-6/Montmorillonite Composite Nanofibers", L. Li, L. Bellan, H. G. Craighead, M. Frey, Polymer, 47, 6208-6217, (2006).

    "Polarization Controlled Transport in PANI-BaTiO3 Nanofibers", Maxim Nikiforov, Haiqing Liu, Harold Craighead, and Dawn Bonnell, Nano Letters, Nano Letters, 6, 896-900 (2006).

    "Poly(dicyclopentadiene) Submicron Fibers Produced by Electrospinning", Leon M. Bellan, Geoffrey W. Coates, Harold G. Craighead, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 27, 511-515 (2006).

    "Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers as Subwavelength Optical Waveguides Incorporating Quantum Dots", Haiqing Liu, Joshua B. Edel, Leon M. Bellan, and H. G. Craighead, Small, 4, 495-499 (2006).

    "Single Electrospun Regioregular Poly (3-hexylthiophene) Nanofiber Field-Effect Transistor", Haiqing Liu, Christian H. Reccius, and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 87, 253106-1:253106-3 (2005).

    "Coupling On-Chip Solid-Phase Extraction to Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Through an Integrated Electrospray Tip", Yanou Yang, Chen Li, Kelvin H. Lee, Harold G. Craighead, Electrophoresis, 26, 3622-3630 (2005).

    "A Polymeric Microchip with Integrated Tips and In Situ Polymerized Monolith for Electrospray Mass Spectrometry", Yanou Yang, Chen Li, Jun Kameoka, Kelvin H. Lee and H. G. Craighead, Lab on a Chip, 5, 869-876 (2005).

    "Measurement of the Young's Moduli of Individual Polyethylene Oxide and Glass Nanofibres", Leon M. Bellan, Jun Kameoka and Harold G. Craighead, Nanotechnology, 16, 1095-1099 (2005).

    "Fabrication of Suspended Silica Glass Nanofibers from Polymeric Materials Using a Scanned Electrospinning Source", Jun Kameoka, Scott S. Verbridge, Haiqing Liu, David A. Czaplewski, and H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 4, 2105-2108 (2004).

    "Polymeric Nanowire Architecture", Jun Kameoka, David Czaplewski, Haiqing Liu and H.G. Craighead, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 14, 1503-1505 (2004).

    "Nanomechanical Oscillators Fabricated Using Polymeric Nanofiber Templates", David A. Czaplewski, Scott S. Verbridge, Jun Kameoka and H. G. Craighead, Nano Letters, 4, 437-439 (2004).

    "Nonlithographic Approach to Nanostructure Fabrication Using a Scanned Electrospinning Source", David Czaplewski, Jun Kameoka, and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 21, 2994-2997 (2003).

    "Nanofluidic Channels with Elliptical Cross Sections Formed Using a Nonlithographic Process", David A. Czaplewski, Jun Kameoka, Robert Mathers, Geoffrey W. Coates, H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 83, 4836-4838 (2003).

    "A Scanning Tip Electrospinning Source for Deposition of Oriented Nanofibres", Jun Kameoka, Reid Orth, Yanou Yang, David Czaplewski, Robert Mathers, Geoffrey Coates and Harold Craighead, Nanotechnology, 14, 1124-1129 (2003).

    "Fabrication of Oriented Polymeric Nanofibers on Planar Surfaces by Electrospinning", Jun Kameoka and H. G. Craighead, Applied Physics Letters, 83, 371-373 (2003).

    "An Arrow Shaped Silicon Tip for Polymeric Nanofiber Fabrication", Jun Kameoka, David Czaplewski, Harold Craighead, Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology, 16, 423-426 (2003).

    "Liquid-crystal micropolarizer array for polarization-difference imaging", Harnett CK, Craighead HG, Appl. Opt., 41 (7): 1291(2002).

    "Direct Electron-Beam Patterning of Surface Coatings and Sacrificial Layers for Micro-Total Analysis Systems", C. K. Harnett, K. M. Satyalakshmi, G. W. Coates and H. G. Craighead, Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology, 15, 493-496 (2002).

    "Forward scattering probe of edge-state coupling in the quantum Hall regime", Soh YA, Zimmermann FM, Craighead HG, Phys. Rev. B, 64 (15), 15330 (2001).

    "Subwavelength surface-relief gratings fabricated by microcontact printing of self-assembled monolayers", A. G. Lopez and H. G. Craighead, Appl. Opt., 40, 2068 (2001)

    "Charge induced pattern distortion in low energy electron beam lithography", K. M. Satyalakshmi, A. Olkhovets, M. G. Metzler, C. K. Harnett, D. M. Tanenbaum, and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 18, 3122 (2000). 

    "Scanning tunneling microscope induced luminescence of lithographically prepared Au dots", A. Olkhovets, S. Evoy and H. G. Craighead, Surface Sci,. 453, 299 (2000). 

    "Thickness-dependent binary behavior of elongated cobalt nanostructures", S. Evoy, D. W. Carr, L. Sekaric, J. M. Parpia, and H. G. Craighead, J. Appl. Phys., 87, 404 (2000).

    "Patterning of octadecylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers on Si(100) using Ar(3P0,2) atoms", S. B. Hill, C. A. Haich, F. B. Dunning, G. K. Walters, J. J. McClelland, R. J. Celotta, H. G. Craighead, J. Han, and D. M. Tanenbaum, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 17, 1087-89 (1999). 

    "Patterning of hydrogen-passivated Si(100) using Ar(3P0,2) metastable atoms", S. B. Hill, C. A. Haich, F. B. Dunning, G. K. Walters, J. J. McClelland, R. J. Celotta, and H. G. Craighead, Appl. Phys. Lett., 74, 2239-41 (1999). 

    "Low voltage electron beam lithography in PMMA", A. Olkhovets and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 17, 1366-1370 (1999). 

    "Low temperature scanning tunneling microscope-induced luminescence of a InGaN/GaN multi quantum well", S. Evoy, C. K. Harnett, H. G. Craighead, S. Keller, U. Mishra, S. P. DenBaars, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1457 (1999). 

    "Scanning tunneling microscope-induced luminescence of GaN at threading dislocations sites", S.Evoy, H. G. Craighead, S. Keller, U. Mishra, S. P. DenBaars, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 17, 29 (1999).

    "Optical properties of square lattices of gold nanoparticles," G. A. Niklasson, P. A. Bobbert, and H. G. Craighead, Nanostruct. Mater. 12 725, Part B Sp. Iss. (1999) 

    "Wave-plate polarizing beam splitter based on a form-birefringent multilayer gratings", A. G. Lopez and H. G. Craighead, Opt. Lett., 23, 1627 (1998)

    "Low temperature scanning tunneling microscope-induced luminescence of GaN", S. Evoy, C. K. Harnett, H. G. Craighead, T. J. Eustis, W. A. Davis, M. J. Murphy, W. J. Schaff, and L. F. Eastman, J. Vac. Sci. Technol B, 16, 1943 (1998). 

    "Synthesis of germanium nanocrystals in SiO2," J. G. Couillard and H. G. Craighead, J. Mater. Sci., 33, 5665 (1998). 

    "High-selectivity pattern transfer processes for self-assembled monolayers", D. W. Carr, M. J. Lercel, C. S. Whelan, H. G. Craighead, K. Seshadri and D. L. Allara, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 15, 1446-50 (1997). 

    "Selective Scanning Tunneling Microscope-Induced Light Emission from Self-Assembled Monolayer Covered Au Surfaces", S. Evoy, F. D. Pardo, P. M. St. John and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 15, 1438-41 (1997). 

    "Low Energy Electron Beam Top Surface Image Processing using Chemically Amplified AXT Resist", C. S. Whelan, D. M. Tanenbaum, D.C. La Tulipe, M. Isaacson, and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 15, 2555-2560 (1997). 

    "Diffractive lens fabricated with mostly zeroth-order gratings", F. T. Chen and H. G. Craighead, Opt. Lett. 21, 177 (1996).

    "Microcontact printing and pattern transfer using trichlorosilanes on oxide substrates", P. M. St. John and H. G. Craighead, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68,1022 (1996). 

    "Improved Electron-Beam Patterning of Si with Self-Assembled Monolayers", C. S. Whelan, M. J. Lercel, H. G. Craighead, K. Seshadri and D. L. Allara, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 4245 (1996). 

    "Monolayers of fluorinated silanes as electron beam resists", P. M. St. John and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 14, 69 (1996). 

    "High-Resolution Silicon Patterning with Self-Assembled Monolayer Resists", M. J. Lercel, C. S. Whelan, H. G. Craighead, K. Seshadri and D. L. Allara, J. Vac. Sci. Technol B, 14, 4085 (1996). 

    "Electron-beam-induced damage in self-assembled monolayers", K. Seshadri, K. Froyd, A. N. Parikh, D. L. Allara, M. J. Lercel and H. G. Craighead, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 15,900-9 (1996). 

    Sub-10 nm Lithography with Self-Assembled Monolayers", M. J. Lercel, H. G. Craighead, and D. L. Allara, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 1504 (1996). 

    "Plasma Etching with Self-Assembled Monolayer Masks for Nanostructure Fabrication", M. J. Lercel, H. G. Craighead, A. N. Parikh, K. Seshadri, and D. L. Allara, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 14, 1844 (1996). 

    "Fabrication of Arrayed Glassy Carbon Field Emitters", Y. Sohda, D. M. Tanenbaum, S. W. Turner and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 15, 343 (1996). 

    "High Resolution Electron Beam Lithography Using ZEP-520 and KRS Resists at Low and High Voltages", D. M. Tanenbaum, C. W. Lo, M. S. Isaacson, H. G. Craighead, M. J. Rooks, K. Y. Lee, W. S. Huang and T. H. P Chang, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 14, 3829 (1996). 

    "Titanium Nitride Coated Tungsten Cold Field Emitter Sources", W. K. Lo, G. Parthasarathy, D. M. Tanenbaum, H. G. Craighead and M. S. Isaacson, J. Vac. Sci. Technol B, 14, 3787 (1996). 

    "Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy Studies of Electron Transport in Au/GaAs Schottky Diodes Damaged by Focused Ion Beam Implantation", J. W. McNabb and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol B, 14, 617 (1996).     

    "Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence analysis of InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum well structures", S. Evoy, G. F. Redinbo, H. G. Craighead, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 1259 (1996). 

    "Inter-facet mass transport and facet evolution in selective epitaxial growth of Si by gas source molecular beam epitaxy", Qi Xiang, Li Shaozhong, Dawen Wang, K. L. Wang, J. G. Couillard and H. G. Craighead, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 14, 2381 (1996). 

    "Field emission properties of self-shielded tungsten sources", W. K. Lo, M. Skvarla, C. W. Lo, H. G. Craighead and M. S. Isaacson, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 13, 2441 (1995). 

    "Studies of 1 and 2 keV electron beam lithography using silicon containing p(SI-CMS) resist", C. W. Lo, W. K. Lo, M. J. Rooks, M. Isaacson, H. G. Craighead, and A. E. Novembre, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 13, 2980 (1995). 

    "Lithography and patterning for nanostructure fabrication", G. Seebohm and H. G Craighead (to appear in Quantum Structures Semiconductors, Pearsall and Sasaki Editors, Chapman and Hall Ltd). 

    "Nanostructures in Electronics", H. G. Craighead in Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, A. Edelstein and R. Cammatata, Eds. Institute of Physics, Philadelphia (1996).     


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